Fluorites (or fluorites) are minerals composed of calcium fluoride, with a chemical formula CaF₂. This mineral is known for its wide variety of colors, ranging from violet to green, blue, yellow, pink and even colorless specimens. This color diversity is caused by impurities and defects in the crystal structure. What's more, some fluorites fluoresce under ultraviolet light.
Fluorite crystallizes in the cubic system, and generally appears as cubic or octahedral crystals. Crystals can be transparent or translucent, with a vitreous lustre, and have a hardness of 4 on the Mohs scale, making them relatively soft.